Create a compressed archive of a directory

Low risk
What do risk levels mean?
Read-only
Inspects state without changing anything.
Low risk
Reversible with a routine follow-up command.
Medium risk
Changes state; undo path documented.
Destructive
Deletes or overwrites; confirmation required.

Packs a directory into a single compressed archive for backup or transfer — tar.gz on macOS/Linux, zip on Windows.

filesarchivecompressbackup

Parameters

Directory to archive.

Output archive path, e.g. "backup.tar.gz" (or "backup.zip" on Windows).

Commands

Check the directory's size before archiving

du -sh "<directory>"

Create a gzip-compressed tar archive of the directory

tar -czf "<archive>" "<directory>"

Verification

tar -tzf "<archive>" | head

The archive lists the directory's files without errors.

Undo

Remove the created archive; the original directory is untouched

rm "<archive>"

Pitfalls

  • Archiving with an absolute path stores the full path inside the archive; cd to the parent and archive the relative name instead.
  • Do not place the output archive inside the directory being archived, or tar may try to archive itself.
  • Compress-Archive skips hidden and in-use files in some cases and has a 2 GB per-file limit on older PowerShell versions.

Related